Representations of the bourgeoisie in modern European painting

Abstract

Without equivocation, art has an essential function at the core of social life, and that art is a social phenomenon that is subject to social conditions and the circumstances of time and place. The audience plays a guiding role in relation to art, and thus society and its phenomena acquire great importance in the artistic process and the development of its aesthetic realities. The bourgeoisie is considered one of the social classes that appeared in Europe from the Middle Ages until the eighteenth century, and its appearance was represented in art in a distinct way, including the plastic arts, specifically the art of painting, up to the stage of modernity, to show us the following question, which is how the bourgeoisie was represented in the art of modern European painting ? Thus, the first chapter of the research included the methodological framework for the research represented by the problem of the research and its importance to constitute the importance of shedding light on a pattern of European painting arts. It is unique and unprecedented. As for the goal of the research, it specialized in identifying the representations of the bourgeoisie in modern European painting, and it was determined by a period of time between the years 1867-1964 And with objective boundaries that included artistic works that included a bourgeois approach, the research in this chapter also tackled defining the most important terms contained in the research and explaining their implications. As for the second chapter, it included two sections: the first topic: a reading of the concept of the bourgeoisie, while the second topic included: the subject of the bourgeoisie in the history of art, and then the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework. As for the third chapter: it included the research procedures represented by the research tool and choosing the analytical descriptive approach in analyzing seven 7 models of the research sample, while the fourth chapter included the research results that the researcher reached from the analysis of the sample models, as well as the conclusions related to those results, then the research proposals And followed by a list of sources that the researcher benefited from in writing his research.